Amapuleti e-Al-Mg-Mn asekela amaphrojekthi amaningi okwakha esimanje. Isisindo sawo esilula sisiza abaklami ukunciphisa umthwalo wesakhiwo cishe ngo-35%. Ungqimba lwawo oluqinile luphinde luphathe izindawo zomoya ezinamandla ezifinyelela ku-60 m/s. Abakhi abaningi manje basebenzisa la mapuleti ezikhumulweni zezindiza, eziteshini, nasezinkundleni zemidlalo. Ingxubevange ikhombisa ukusebenza okuzinzile ezindaweni ezibandayo nezishisayo. Amaqembu amaningi akhetha le nto ngoba ihlala iqinile iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-25.
Abalingiswa
Amapuleti e-Al-Mg-Mn avela ku-alloy enezinsimbi ezintathu ezibalulekile. I-aluminium yakha cishe u-95% wengxube yokugcina. I-magnesium ibamba cishe u-3%. I-Manganese ibamba cishe u-1%. Lesi silinganiso esilula sinikeza i-alloy amandla aqinile ngaphandle kwesisindo esinzima. Amaphaneli amaningi afinyelela amandla okudonseka acishe abe ngu-210 MPa. Izinto zokwakha zihlala zisebenza ngisho nalapho izinga lokushisa lehla liye ku-−40 °C. Izisebenzi zingagoba amapuleti ku-radius engu-20 mm ngaphandle kwemifantu.
Ubuso bubonisa ukuziphatha okunamandla kokulwa nokugqwala. Ukuhlolwa kwe-salt-spray kungasebenza amahora angu-3000 ngaphandle kokushintsha okuningi. I-alloy yakha ifilimu ye-oxide eningi ngaphansi kwemizuzu engama-30 ngemva kokuvezwa. Le filimu ivimba ukuhlaselwa okuningi kwamakhemikhali. Amapuleti agcina nombala ozinzile lapho inkomba ye-UV ifinyelela ku-11 noma ngaphezulu. Uphahla oluningi lwenkundla ludinga lokhu kuzinza ngoba uphahla olukhulu lubhekene nokukhanya kwelanga okunamandla amahora amaningi.
Amapuleti abonisa amandla amahle okwakha. Amaqembu okukhiqiza angagoqa amashidi abe amajika amade afinyelela kumamitha angu-60 ubude. Amaphaneli amade anciphisa izinombolo zamajoyinti cishe ngo-45%. Amajoyinti ambalwa anciphisa ingozi yokuvuza ngesikhathi semvula enkulu. Izakhiwo ezinkulu zomphakathi zidinga le nzuzo lapho imvula ifinyelela ku-200 mm ngehora.
Isethi yabalingiswa balolu hlobo lwe-alloy isekela izinketho eziningi zokuklama. Amaqembu angakha amaphaneli aqondile noma izimo ezigobile. Abaklami abaningi bathanda indawo ebushelelezi ngoba inikeza isitayela sesimanje. Amapuleti agcina izindawo ezihlanzekile ngoba ungqimba lwe-oxide luvimba ukunamathela kothuli. Umsebenzi wokulungisa wehla cishe ngo-30% unyaka ngamunye. Lezi zinhlamvu zisiza abatshalizimali abaningi ukulawula izindleko zesikhathi eside.
Izinzuzo
Inzuzo yokuqala ivela esisindweni esilula. Ipuleti elijwayelekile linesisindo esingu-2.8 kg kuphela ngemitha yesikwele ngayinye. Amapuleti ensimbi angafinyelela ku-7.8 kg endaweni efanayo. Lo mehluko unciphisa umthwalo wophahla cishe ngo-65%. Ama-trus amaningi ensimbi angasebenzisa izingxenye ezincane ngenxa yalesi sikhumba sophahla esilula. Abakhi bavame ukonga u-10% womthamo wensimbi emahholo amakhulu.
Inzuzo yesibili ivela ekusebenzeni komjikelezo wokuphila. I-Al-Mg-Mn ikhombisa ukusetshenziswa okuzinzile iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30 ezindaweni ezisogwini. Ukuhlolwa kubonisa ukulahlekelwa komhlaba okungaphansi kuka-5% ngemva kokuchayeka isikhathi eside kusawoti. Izikhumulo zezindiza eziningi zasogwini zidinga lokhu kukhuthazela ngoba umoya uvame ukugcina okuqukethwe kukasawoti okungu-3%. Amapuleti agcina namandla azinzile ngaphansi kokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa phakathi kuka-−40 °C no-80 °C.
Inzuzo yesithathu ivela ekufakweni okulula. Izisebenzi zingalungisa amaphaneli amakhulu ngesivinini esingu-15 m ngehora. Amaqembu amaningi ophahla asebenzisa imishini yokuma ngomthungo esebenza ngesivinini esingu-20 m ngomzuzu. Uhlelo luvumela izibambo ezifihliwe ezivikela uphahla ekuvuzeni. Imvula enkulu enesivinini esingu-150 mm ngehora ayivamile ukudala izinkinga. Ijoyinti lomthungo elimile limelana nokumuncwa komoya kufika ku-3.0 kPa. Izindawo eziningi ezinkulu zidinga leli nani ngoba ubude obude bubhekene namandla amakhulu okuphakamisa.
Inzuzo yesine ivela kumanani ahlanzekile wamandla. Ingxube ikhombisa cishe u-75% wokukhanya kwelanga. Izindawo eziningi zokugcina impahla zinciphisa ukwanda kokushisa kophahla ngo-20%. Umthwalo womoya opholile ungase wehle ngo-12% njalo ehlobo. Abaklami abaningi basebenzisa lawa mapuleti ophahleni lwamaphaneli elanga ngoba isakhiwo sidinga ukukhanya.
Amanani Namaphuzu Okusetshenziswa
Amapuleti e-Al-Mg-Mn anikeza inani elikhulu ezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi. Izakhiwo eziningi zasezintabeni zisebenzisa lokhu ngoba kusingatha iqhwa elinamandla. Amapuleti angasekela imithwalo yeqhwa eseduze ne-2.0 kN ngemitha yesikwele uma ehlanganiswa nama-purlin aqinile. Izikhungo eziningi zokuskiya zisebenzisa lolu hlelo ngoba iqhwa lasebusika linganqwabelana ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-1.2.
Amapuleti asekela nomklamo wokukhipha amanzi obushelelezi. Amaphaneli agobile asiza ukuqondisa amanzi ngesikhathi seziphepho. Uphahla oluningi lusebenzisa imithambeka eseduze no-3%. Lo mthambeka uvumela ukugeleza okusheshayo ngisho noma imvula ifinyelela ku-180 mm ngehora. Ijoyinti elifihliwe liqondisa ithonsi ngalinye emgodini. Lo mklamo ugwema izithiyo zamanzi ezibangela ukugqwala.
Ingxubevange iphinde isekele ukuziphatha okuhle komlilo. Amapuleti ayancibilika eduze kuka-630 °C, kodwa awawaniki amalangabi. Izakhiwo eziningi zidinga lokhu kuziphatha ngoba amakhodi omlilo anciphisa izindawo ezivuthayo. Amapuleti nawo ayamelana nomonakalo wenhlansi ovela ekushiseni ngesikhathi somsebenzi wokulungisa. Ukuhlolwa kubonisa ukusha kobuso okungaphansi kuka-1 mm okuvela ezinhlansini eziqondile.
Imigqa yokukhiqiza ingaletha amapuleti ngobuningi obukhulu. Umugqa owodwa ungakhipha ama-5000 m² ngosuku. Izinkampani eziningi, njengeHarbin Dongan Building Sheets Co., Ltd zisebenzisa izinhlelo zokugoqa ezenzakalelayo ezinokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi okungu-15. Amaphutha obukhulu ahlala ngaphakathi kuka-0.2 mm. Ubukhulu obuzinzile buyasiza abasebenzi ukuthi baqede uphahla ngokushesha. Amaphrojekthi amaningi amakhulu aqeda ukufakwa ezinsukwini ezingu-20 lapho indawo ifinyelela ku-40,000 m².
Ingxubevange ikhombisa nenani eliqinile lokuvuselela kabusha. Izinto ezisetshenziswe kabusha zigcina ngaphezu kwama-90% okusebenza kwayo kwasekuqaleni. Amaphrojekthi amaningi aluhlaza akhetha le ngxubevange ngoba isekela imigomo ye-carbon ephansi. Ukuvuselela kabusha kunganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngo-60%. Lawa manani abonisa izinzuzo eziqinile zesikhathi eside.
Ipuleti le-Al-Mg-Mnkunikeza izakhiwo zesimanje amandla, ukukhanya, kanye nokuqinaizinhlelo zophahla. Ingxube yabo eqinile ye-alloy inikeza ukusebenza okuthembekile ezimweni zezulu ezinzima. Amaphrojekthi amaningi ancike kule nto ukuze asebenze isikhathi eside futhi asebenze isikhathi eside. Amapuleti asiza nabaklami ukunciphisa umthwalo, onge amandla, futhi anciphise izindleko zokulungisa. Amandla abo okwakha asekela izimo ezigobile neziqondile. Ukumelana kwabo nokugqwala kuhambisana nezindawo zasogwini, zezimboni, kanye nezindawo eziphakeme. Lawa manani ahlanganisiwe achaza isidingo esikhulayo ezikhumulweni zezindiza, eziteshini nasemahholo amakhulu. Le nto inikeza impilo ende kanye nokulawulwa kwezindleko okuzinzile.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba-08-2025