Indawo yokugcina izinto ezibandayo iyisixhumanisi esibalulekile kwezentengiselwano zomhlaba wonke. Iqinisekisa ubuqotho bemikhiqizo ezwela amazinga okushisa. Lezi zikhungo ezikhethekile zigcina amazinga okushisa aphansi athile. Lokhu kubalulekile ekudleni, emithini yemithi, nakumakhemikhali athile. I-cold chain esebenza kahle inciphisa ukonakala kanye nokulahlwa. Iqinisekisa nokuphepha komkhiqizo kanye nekhwalithi.
Izici kanye Nezindawo Zokushisa Ze-Cold Chain Warehouse
Izindawo zokugcina izinto ezibandayo zichazwa ngokulawulwa okuqinile kokushisa. Ziyizakhiwo ezivikela ukushisa kakhulu. Zigcina amazinga okushisa ahambisanayo kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izimo zangaphandle zinjani. Lezi zindawo ngokuvamile zihlukaniswe ngezindawo eziningana zokushisa.
Indawo Yokugcina Ebandayo: Le ndawo isebenza phakathi kuka-0°C no-10°C. Ilungele imikhiqizo emisha, ubisi, namaqanda.
Indawo Yokugcina Eqandisiwe: Amazinga okushisa lapha avame ukusuka ku--18°C kuya ku--25°C. Le ndawo ifanelekela inyama eqandisiwe, ukudla kwasolwandle, kanye nokudla okulungisiwe.
Ukuqandisa Okujulile/Okuphansi Kakhulu: Le ndawo ekhethekile ingehla ngaphansi kuka--60°C. Kubalulekile ukugcina imijovo ethile kanye namasampula ebhayoloji anenani eliphezulu. Umuthi wokugomela i-COVID-19 udinga ukugcinwa emazingeni okushisa aphansi njengo--70°C.
Ukufakwa kokushisa ngokuvamile kugcwele igwebuamaphaneli esandwichNgokuvamile amaphaneli esandwich ane-polyurethane noma i-PIR njengezinto eziyinhloko. Amaphaneli esandwich afakwe i-insulation avame ukuba nobukhulu obungamamilimitha ayi-100 kuya kwangu-200.Amaphaneli okugcina izinto ezibandayozinokumelana okuhle kakhulu nokushisa. Izithiyo zomusi nazo zibalulekile. Zivimbela ukufuduka komswakama ezindongeni.
Lokhu kuvimbela ukuminyana kanye nokwakheka kweqhwa. Ukuvikela phansi kuvimbela ukuminyana komhlaba. Ukuminyana komhlaba kubangelwa ukubanda kwenhlabathi engaphansi. Izinhlelo zokugoqa kumele zifake imishini ekhethekile yokuphatha izinto. Kumele futhi zikwazi ukumelana nokubanda okukhulu.
Izinhlelo Zokuqandisa Nokusetshenziswa Kwamandla E-Cold Chain Warehouse
Uhlelo lokuqandisa luyinhliziyo yendlu yokugcina izinto ezibandayo. Onjiniyela baluklama ukuze lusebenze kahle futhi luthembeke. Izinhlelo ezivame kakhulu zisebenzisa ama-compressor amakhulu aphakathi. Zijikeleza iziqandisi ezifana ne-ammonia noma i-CO₂. I-Ammonia isebenza kahle kakhulu, kanti izinhlelo ze-ammonia zithola isilinganiso sokusebenza kahle kwamandla esingaphezu kuka-5.0. Kodwa-ke, idinga izinqubo zokuphepha eziqinile. Izinhlelo ze-CO₂ zinikeza umthelela ophansi kwezemvelo. Ziya ngokuya zithandwa.
Uhlelo lususa ukushisa endaweni yokugcina. Lufeza lokhu ngama-evaporator kanye nama-air handlers. Uhlelo lube selulahla ukushisa ngaphandle ngama-condenser. Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kuyindleko enkulu yokusebenza. Indawo yokugcina ebandayo ibiza cishe u-15-20% wamandla asetshenziswayo ochungechungeni lokuphakelwa kokudla. Imiklamo yesimanje igcizelela ukubuyiswa kokushisa. Basebenzisa nama-variable speed drive kuma-compressor. Lokhu kunganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngamaphesenti angama-30. Ukukhiqizwa kwamandla okusekelayo kubalulekile. Kuvimbela ukulahlekelwa komkhiqizo ngesikhathi sokungasebenzi kahle kwezinsiza.
Izinzuzo kanye nomthelela wezomnotho we-Cold Chain Warehouse
Izindawo zokugcina izimpahla ezibandayo zinikeza izinzuzo ezinkulu kwezomnotho. Zandisa kakhulu isikhathi sokuphila kwezimpahla ezibolayo, njengezithelo, ukudla kwasolwandle, noma inyama. Lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu imfucuza yokudla. I-United Nations ilinganisela ukuthi cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yazo zonke ukudla okukhiqizwayo iyalahleka noma ilahlwe emhlabeni jikelele. Izinhlobo ezingcono zezitolo ezibandayo zinganciphisa kakhulu lokhu kulahlekelwa. Zivumela ukuhwebelana komhlaba wonke okuphumelelayo. Imikhiqizo ingahamba amabanga amade. Lokhu kuvula izimakethe ezintsha kokubili kubakhiqizi nakubathengi.
Kwezemithi, inzuzo ukusebenza kahle komkhiqizo. Ukugcina ukuzinza kwezinga lokushisa kuqinisekisa ukuthi umuthi usebenza njengoba kuhlosiwe. Lokhu kubalulekile empilweni yesiguli. Imbuyiselo yezomnotho ekutshalweni kwezimali iphezulu. Ukuvimbela ukwehluleka okukodwa ekuthunyelweni kwezimpahla eziqandisiwe kungonga amakhulu ezinkulungwane zamaRandi. Lezi zikhungo ziphinde zinikeze ukukhula kwemisebenzi. Zisekela ezokuthutha kanye nezimboni zokulungisa ezikhethekile. Ziyingxenye ebalulekile yengqalasizinda yesimanje yezokuthutha.
Izinselele Zokuklama Nokwakha
Ukwakha i-cold chain warehouse kuletha izithiyo zobuchwepheshe ezihlukile. Ukuvimbela amabhuloho okushisa kubalulekile ngesikhathi sokwakha. Ibhuloho lokushisa liwukuphuka kokushisa. Livumela ukushisa ukuthi kudlule kalula. Lokhu kuholela ekulahlekelweni kwamandla kanye nokujiya kwesakhiwo. I-floor slab idinga ukunakwa okukhethekile. Onjiniyela kumele bafake ukushisa noma umoya ongaphansi kwephansi. Lokhu kuvimbela i-subgrade ukuthi ingabi makhaza futhi ikhule. Iminyango iyizinhlobo zesivinini esikhulu, ezivikelwe. Zinciphisa ukungena komoya ofudumele, omanzi ngesikhathi sokulayisha.
Izingidi zomoya noma ama-vestibule zivame ukusetshenziswa. Zakha indawo yokuvimbela ukuguquka kokushisa. Izinhlelo zokukhanyisa nazo kumele zibe ezikhethekile. Ngokuvamile ziyizinto ze-LED. Zikhiqiza ukushisa okuncane. Umklamo kumele uqinisekise ukujikeleza komoya okufanele ngaphakathi. Lokhu kuqinisekisa amazinga okushisa afanayo kulo lonke isikhala. Ukwehluleka ukugcina ukufana kungabangela ukonakala ngisho nangaphakathi kwegumbi elibandayo. Ukwakha lezi zakhiwo ezikhethekile kuvame ukubiza ama-50% ngaphezulu ngemitha yesikwele kunendlu yokugcina impahla eyomile ejwayelekile.
Izidingo zokuphatha
Ama-warehouse e-Cold chain asekela ukuthobela imithetho eqinile. Indawo yokugcina ukudla ilandela amazinga e-HACCP kanye ne-ISO 22000. Ama-warehouse emithi ahlangabezana nezidingo ze-GDP. Izinhlelo Zokuphatha I-Warehouse Ezithuthukisiwe zijwayelekile. Ziphatha idatha yesitokwe, ukunyakaza, kanye nezinga lokushisa. Izinzwa ezingenantambo zifakwa kuyo yonke indawo. Ziqapha izinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama ngesikhathi sangempela.
Abaloga idatha baqopha lonke uhambo lomkhiqizo. Lokhu kunikeza umkhondo ophelele wokuhlola ukuthi uyahambisana yini nomthetho. Amarekhodi okushisa avame ukugcina idatha njalo ngemizuzu emihlanu. Izinhlelo ze-alamu ziqala izexwayiso zingakapheli imizuzwana engama-30 yokuphambuka. Izinhlelo zamandla okusekela ziqinisekisa ukuthembeka. Amajeneretha kadizili avame ukumboza amaphesenti ayi-100 omthwalo wokuqandisa. Ukuzimela okuvamile kokusekela kufinyelela emahoreni angama-48. Ama-compressor angasebenzi kahle athuthukisa ukuphepha. Lezi zinyathelo zivikela izimpahla ezinenani eliphezulu. Amanani empahla yemithi angadlula ama-USD 50,000 ngephalethi ngayinye. Ngakho-ke indawo yokugcina ebandayo ethembekile inciphisa ubungozi bezezimali kanye nokuvezwa komthetho.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba 15-2025