Igumbi lokuqandisa livikela ukudla, imithi, noma izimpahla zezimboni ngokushisa okuphansi okuzinzile. Izimboni eziningi zisebenzisa la makamelo ngoba zidinga izimo zokugcina eziqinile. Igumbi lokuqandisa eliklanywe kahle lisiza izinkampani ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Liphinde lisekele ukusebenza kwesikhathi eside ngoba ligcina izindleko zamandla zizinzile.
Isakhiwo Segumbi Lefriji
Igumbi lefriji lisebenzisa igobolondo elivalekile kanye nesistimu yokupholisa ukuze libambe amazinga okushisa aphansi. Amakamelo amaningi aphatha amazinga okushisa asukela ku--18°C kuya ku--35°C, kuye ngezidingo zomkhiqizo. Isakhiwo sihlanganisa izindonga, uphahla, phansi, kanye nomnyango. Ingxenye ngayinye idala isikhala esivalekile esinamandla okuvikela ukufudumala. Igumbi elincane lefriji elivamile lilinganisa u-3 m × 4 m × 2.5 m. Amakamelo amakhulu angafinyelela ku-20 m noma ngaphezulu ubude.
Iamaphaneli afudumeledala umzimba oyinhloko. Lawa maphaneli ayakhilana futhi akhe ijoyinti eliqinile. Isakhiwo esihle sinciphisa ukulahlekelwa ukushisa ngamaphesenti afinyelela ku-30%. Uhlaka lwensimbi lusekela imithwalo esindayo lapho usayizi wegumbi ukhula. Abaklami abaningi basebenzisa imishayo yokuqinisa lapho ubude budlula amamitha angu-8. Isakhiwo kumele futhi sibhekane nemijikelezo yokushisa yansuku zonke.
Isakhiwo sephansi sithwala ama-pallet asindayo. Amanye amaphansi aphatha imithwalo efinyelela ku-3000 kg ngemitha yesikwele. Isithiyo somusi sivikela iphansi emswakama. Ngaphandle kwesithiyo somusi, iphansi lingase libe yiqhwa ngaphakathi. Umklamo omuhle ugcina iphansi lomile futhi lizinzile iminyaka eminingi.
Ukukhanyisa nakho kuyingxenye yesakhiwo. Izibani ze-LED zinciphisa ukukhishwa kokushisa ngo-40% uma kuqhathaniswa nezibani ezindala. Onjiniyela babeka izibani ezindaweni eziphephile ukuze bagweme ukwakheka kweqhwa. Ekugcineni isakhiwo sixhumeka ngamapayipi okukhipha amanzi aholela amanzi ngaphandle kwegumbi.
Izinto zokwakha
Amakamelo aqandisayoSebenzisa izinto ezimelana nomswakama kanye nokushisa. Abakhi abaningi bakhetha amaphaneli e-PU, PIR noma e-rock wool. Amaphaneli e-PU anikeza amanani okushisa azungeze u-0.024 W/m·K. Amaphaneli e-PIR kanye ne-rock wool anikeza ukusebenza komlilo okudingwa amakhasimende amaningi. Ubukhulu bephaneli busukela ku-100 mm kuya ku-250 mm kuye ngokuthi izinga lokushisa lingakanani.
Amashidi ensimbi amboza izinhlangothi zombili zamaphaneli. Izimboni eziningi zisebenzisa amashidi ensimbi angu-0.4mm kuya ku-0.8mm ukuze ziqine. Insimbi egayiwe imelana nokugqwala kangcono kunensimbi ejwayelekile. Insimbi engagqwali isebenza kahle ezindaweni zokudla kwasolwandle noma emakamelweni emithi ngoba imelana nosawoti namakhemikhali. Amashidi e-aluminium avela emakamelweni amancane lapho isisindo esincane sibaluleke khona.
Iphansi lisebenzisa izinto eziqinile kakhulu. Abakhi abaningi bakhetha amapuleti ensimbi engagqwali angu-1.5 mm noma angu-2.0 mm e-aluminium. Lawa mapuleti aphatha imithwalo esindayo futhi amelana nokushaywa. Ngaphansi kwamapuleti, ukuvikela igwebu kuvimbela ukudluliselwa kokushisa. Amapuleti amaningi afaka igwebu lokuvikela elingu-150 mm.
Iminyango isebenzisa igwebu elijiyile lokuvikela kanye namahinji asindayo. Umnyango ojwayelekile usebenzisa i-100 mm PU insulation kanye nohlaka lwensimbi oluyi-1.2 mm. Ama-heater eminyango avimbela iqhwa emaphethelweni. I-heater isebenzisa cishe ama-W angu-20 ngemitha. I-gasket isebenzisa irabha eguquguqukayo ehlala ithambile ku--40°C.
Uhlelo lokupholisa lusebenzisa amapayipi ethusi ngoba ithusi lidlulisa ukushisa kahle. Ubukhulu bepayipi buvame ukufika ku-0.7 mm noma ku-0.9 mm. Amaphini e-aluminium asiza i-evaporator ukuthuthukisa ukushintshana kokushisa ngo-25%. Iyunithi yokuncibilikisa isebenzisa ozimele bensimbi namakhoyili ethusi. Iziqandisi ezifana ne-R404A noma i-R448A zivela emakamelweni amaningi esimanje.
Izingxenye Eziyinhloko
Igumbi lefriji liqukethe amaphaneli, iminyango, uhlelo lokuqandisa, izilawuli, ukukhanyisa, kanye nezingxenye zokuphepha. Ingxenye ngayinye isekela ukusebenza okuzinzile. Amaphaneli akha imvilophu evikelwe. Iphaneli evamile inesisindo esiphakathi kwamakhilogremu ayi-10 kuya kwayi-12 ngemitha yesikwele. Uhlelo lokukhiya lubamba amaphaneli ndawonye ngokuqinile.
Umnyango wakha indawo yokungena eyisihluthulelo. Iminyango eshelelayo ifanela amakamelo amakhulu ane-forklift. Iminyango enezihibe ifanela amakamelo amancane. Umnyango oshelelayo ungafinyelela ku-2 m × 2.2 m. Iminyango enezihibe ivame ukuhlala incane kune-1 m × 2 m. I-heater igcina iqhwa kude nemiphetho.
Uhlelo lokuqandisa luhlanganisa iyunithi yokufudumeza, i-evaporator, kanye nepayipi lethusi. Igumbi eliqandisayo elingamamitha ayi-10 lingadinga i-compressor enamandla angama-2 HP kuya kwangu-3 HP. Igumbi elingamamitha ayi-100 lingadinga ama-8 HP noma ngaphezulu. I-evaporator ivuthela umoya obandayo egumbini lonke. Umthamo womoya uvame ukufika kumamitha ayi-1500 ngehora emakamelweni amancane.
Iphaneli yokulawula ilawula izinga lokushisa, ukuncibilikisa, ama-alamu, kanye nesivinini sefeni. Izinhlelo eziningi zibamba izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kuka-±1°C. Iphaneli iphinde ibonise idatha yesikhathi sangempela. Izinzwa ezinhle zibona izinguquko zingakapheli imizuzwana engama-30.
Ukukhanyisa kusekela ukunyakaza okuphephile. Igumbi elincane lingasebenzisa izibani ezimbili ze-LED ezingama-20 W ngalinye. Igumbi elikhulu lingasebenzisa izibani eziyisishiyagalombili noma ngaphezulu. Izingxenye zokuphepha zifaka phakathi izibambo zokuphunyuka nezinkinobho ze-alamu. Lezi zingxenye zivikela abantu ekuvalekeni ngengozi.
Izinzuzo
Igumbi lokuqandisa linikeza indawo yokugcina ezinzile kanye nokulawula izindleko zesikhathi eside. Izinkampani eziningi zinciphisa imfucuza ngamaphesenti afinyelela ku-40 ngegumbi elihle lokuqandisa. Amazinga okushisa aphansi azinzile avikela ikhwalithi yokudla. Inyama nokudla kwasolwandle kuhlala kusha isikhathi eside. Imithi kanye nemijovo nayo idinga amazinga okushisa aphansi azinzile.
Ukonga amandla kwakha inzuzo enkulu. Ukuvikela okuhle kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngo-20% kuya ku-40%. Ukukhanya kwe-LED kunciphisa umthwalo wokushisa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla. Ama-compressor esimanje athuthukisa ukusebenza kahle ngo-10% uma kuqhathaniswa namamodeli amadala. Umnyango ovalwe kahle unciphisa ukulahleka komoya obandayo ngo-15%.
Ukuguquguquka nakho kubalulekile. Abakhi bangenza ngokwezifiso osayizi kusukela ku-5 m³ kuya ku-5000 m³. Ubukhulu bephaneli buyashintsha futhi ngokwezidingo. Izinkampani eziningi zengeza izintambo zokushisa phansi ukuvimbela ukwakheka kweqhwa. Lezi zintambo zisebenzisa cishe ama-W angu-150 kuya ku-200 kuye ngosayizi wephansi.
Amakamelo efriji nawo asekela ukufakwa kwemodyuli. Izisebenzi zingakha igumbi elingamamitha angu-20 ngosuku olulodwa. Amakamelo amakhulu athatha izinsuku eziningana. Ukwakheka kwemodyuli kunciphisa isikhathi sokungasebenzi ezimbonini ezimatasa. Izinkampani zingangeza izingxenye kamuva lapho ibhizinisi likhula.
Ukuqina kuthuthukisa inani. Amaphaneli e-PU angahlala iminyaka eyi-15 kuya kwengama-20. Amaphaneli e-PIR angahlala isikhathi eside nakakhulu. Izindawo zensimbi engagqwali zimelana nokugqwala iminyaka eminingi. I-evaporator enhle ingasebenza iminyaka engaphezu kweyisishiyagalombili ngokulungiswa okulula.
Ukuphepha kuthuthukisa izimo zokusebenza. Izinzwa zibona izinguquko zokushisa ngokushesha. Izinhlelo ze-alamu zivikela abasebenzi ngaphakathi kwegumbi. Ukukhanya okuhle kunciphisa izingozi. Ukujikeleza komoya okucacile kuvimbela nokwakheka komswakama.
Amaphuzu Okuklama
Onjiniyela bafunda uhlobo lomkhiqizo, izinga lokushisa, umswakama, kanye nomthwalo wansuku zonke. Igumbi lefriji lenyama lidinga cishe u-20°C. Igumbi lokugoma lingadinga u-35°C. Abaklami bakhetha ubukhulu bephaneli ngokusekelwe kulezi zinombolo.
Ukuhamba komoya kubalulekile ngoba amazinga okushisa angalingani angalimaza imikhiqizo. Onjiniyela bakhetha ama-evaporator ahambisa umoya owanele. Igumbi elingamamitha angu-20 lingadinga umoya ongu-1500 m³ ngehora. Igumbi elingamamitha angu-500 lingadinga umoya ongu-10,000 m³ ngehora. Ukuhamba komoya kumele kufinyelele kuwo wonke amakhona.
Indawo yomnyango ithinta ukusebenza kahle. Abaklami bagwema izindawo zomnyango ezibhekene nemithombo yokushisa. Iminyango ivame ukudinga ama-heater ukuze ivimbele iqhwa. I-latch enhle ivikela abasebenzi ekuvalelekeni.
Ukukhanyisa nakho kudinga ukwakheka okucophelelayo. Ukubekwa kokukhanya kumele kugweme izindawo ezishisayo. Izibani ze-LED zinciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngo-30% uma kuqhathaniswa nezibani ezindala. Abaklami babeka izibani ezibambisweni eziqinile ukuze kube lula ukuzihlanza.
Izinhlelo zokukhipha amanzi ziqondisa ukuncibilikisa amanzi aphume ekamelweni. Ukukhipha amanzi kahle kusebenzisa amapayipi anomthambeka ongu-2%. Ipayipi kumele imelane nokubanda. Ezinye izinhlelo zisebenzisa itheyiphu yokushisa ukugcina amanzi ehlanzekile.
Okokugcina, umklamo kumele ucabangele ukwanda kwesikhathi esizayo. Amaklayenti amaningi angeza indawo yokugcina eyengeziwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukuhlelwa kwe-modular kusiza amaqembu ukwengeza amakamelo amasha ngesikhathi esincane sokuphumula.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba-02-2025