Ezolimo zanamuhla zidinga ukusebenza kahle nokuqina, kanti amapulazi ezinkukhu zensimbi ahlinzeka ngesisombululo esifanele kubalimi banamuhla. Lezi zakhiwo zinikeza indawo elawulwayo yokufuya izinyoni. Zivikela imihlambi esimweni sezulu esibi kanye nezinambuzane. Abalimi bakhetha kakhulu insimbi kunokhuni noma ukhonkolo. Imakethe yomhlaba wonke yalezi zakhiwo ikhula cishe ngo-6% ngonyaka. Insimbi ivumela ukukhula okusheshayo kanye nezimo zokuhlanzeka. Isimo sezulu esilawulwayo siqinisekisa amazinga aphezulu okusinda. Lokhu kukhulisa ngqo inzuzo yomlimi. Ukutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala kuholela esikhathini eside. Lezi zakhiwo zimelela ikusasa lokukhiqizwa kwenyama namaqanda okuphumelelayo.
Izici Zesakhiwo Samapulazi Enkukhu Ensimbi
Ingaphakathi lamapulazi ezinkukhu ensimbi lithembele kuhlaka lwensimbi oluqinile. Onjiniyela bavame ukusebenzisa insimbi yezinga le-Q345B kumafreyimu ayinhloko. Le nto enamandla aphezulu isekela ububanzi obubanzi kalula. Iningi lezinkukhu lihlala phakathi kwamamitha ayi-12 kuya kwangu-15. Lobubanzi buthuthukisa ukuhamba komoya ngaphandle kwamakholomu angaphakathi.
Ama-purlin ophahlenibaxhumanisa ozimele ndawonye. Abakhi bavame ukukhetha insimbi yesigaba C noma i-Z yesigaba sama-purlin. Lezi zingxenye ngokuvamile zilinganisa ubukhulu obungamamilimitha angu-2.5. Zisekela isisindo esinzima se-clodding yophahla.
Iphimbo lophahla lihlala phakathi kwama-degrees angu-8 no-12 ukulawula ukugeleza kwemvula. Isakhiwo sisebenzisa ama-purlin anosayizi we-C160 noma we-C180 ukusekela amaphaneli ophahla.
Uhlelo lwebhande lodonga lusebenzisa amalungu e-C140 ezindaweni eziningi zokubeka. Amapulazi amaningi asebenzisaamaphaneli esandwichenobuningi obungu-40 kg nge-cubic meter ngayinye yokushisa. Lokhu buningi kuqinisekisa amanani e-R azinzile kanye nokulawulwa komswakama okubikezelwayo. Umklamo uphinde uhlukanise izindawo ezingcolile kanye nezindawo ezihlanzekile ngezingxenye zangaphakathi.
Iminyango isebenzisa ozimele be-galvanized obukhulu obungu-1.0 kuya ku-1.2 mm. Ukuphakama kwangaphakathi kuvame ukuba phakathi kwamamitha angu-2.5 kuya ku-3.0. Lokhu kuphakama kugcina umthamo womoya uzinzile futhi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle komoya. Indlu yesimanje yenkukhu idinga ukuhamba komoya okungamamitha angu-2.5 kuya ku-3.5 ngehora ngekhilogramu ngayinye yesisindo esiphilayo, futhi i-geometry yensimbi ivumela izindlela eziqondile zokuhamba komoya. Amafeni okukhipha umoya avame ukufinyelela ububanzi obungamasentimitha angu-50 kuya ku-54 futhi aletha ama-cubic metres angu-18,000 kuya ku-21,000 ngehora. Isakhiwo sithwala le mithwalo ngaphandle kwezinkinga zokudlidliza.
Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko Zamapulazi Ezinkukhu Zensimbi
Ijubane lichaza inqubo yokwakha amapulazi ensimbi. Ishede elingamamitha-skwele ayi-1,000 lithatha izinsuku ezingaba ngu-20 kuphela. Lokhu kushesha ngo-30% kunezindlela zokwakha ukhonkolo zendabuko. Ukwakha okusheshayo kusho ukuthi ipulazi liqala ukuthola imali ngokushesha. Abalimi babona imbuyiselo esheshayo ekutshalweni kwabo imali.
Ukuqina kusebenza njengenye inzuzo enkulu. Insimbi imelana nokugqwala kwemfucuza yenkukhu. I-galvanization ivikela amalungu esakhiwo ekugqwaleni. Ukwembozwa kwe-zinc okungu-275 g/m² kwandisa isikhathi sokuphila kakhulu. Lezi zakhiwo zihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 kalula. Izakhiwo zokhuni zivame ukubola zingakapheli iminyaka eyishumi.
Izinhlelo zensimbi zinikeza isikhathi eside senkonzo kanye nomthamo oqinile womthwalo. Uhlaka lwensimbi lwe-Q235 noma lwe-Q345 lufinyelela amandla okukhiqiza angu-235 kuya ku-345 MPa. Isakhiwo sisekela imithwalo yophahla engu-0.3 kuya ku-0.6 kN ngemitha yesikwele ezindaweni eziningi zasemakhaya. Abanikazi bamapulazi bakhetha insimbi ngoba bafuna ukusebenza okuzinzile kuzo zonke izinkathi zonyaka. Izinto zokwakha ziyamelana nokuguquguquka futhi zigcina ukuhambisana iminyaka eminingi.
Ukuphepha kwezinto eziphilayo kuthuthuka kakhulu ngezakhiwo zensimbi. Izindawo ezibushelelezi azinazo izibungu noma amagciwane. Imifantu yokhuni ivame ukufihla amagciwane ayingozi. Insimbi iqeda le ngozi yezinto eziphilayo ngokuphelele. Ukuhlanza kuba umsebenzi osheshayo nolula.
Ukumelana nomlilo kuvikela imfuyo eyigugu. Insimbi ayibangeli umlilo. Lesi sici sehlisa amaphrimiyamu omshwalense cishe ngo-15%. Ubungane nemvelo buheha abatshalizimali banamuhla. Izingxenye zensimbi zingasetshenziswa kabusha ngo-100%. Lokhu kunciphisa ukuthinteka kwemvelo kwepulazi.
Ama-span acacile avumela isikhala sezindawo zokondla, izitsha zokuphuza, kanye nemigudu yokungenisa umoya. Amaphaneli okushisa anobukhulu obuphakathi obungu-50 kuya ku-100 mm alawula ukudluliselwa kokushisa. Lokhu kusetha kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngamaphesenti ayi-10 kuya kwangu-18 uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlelo zodonga oluncane. Amapulazi athola ukuphepha kwemvelo okubikezelwayo ngoba imvilophu ivala kahle futhi isekela ukuhamba komoya okulawulwayo.
Izakhiwo kanye Nokulawulwa Kwemvelo
Onjiniyela badinga ukubala ubuningi ngokucophelela. Ama-broiler ngokuvamile adinga izinyoni ezingu-12 kuya kwezingu-14 ngemitha yesikwele.
Ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa kungalimaza umhlambi wezinkukhu. Ukuvikela ukushisa kusebenza njengesivikelo esiyinhloko esimweni sezulu. Amaphaneli esandwich akha izindonga nophahla. Lawa maphaneli aqukethe uboya be-EPS, PU, noma be-fiberglass.
Ubukhulu obungu-50 mm kuya ku-75 mm bujwayelekile. Lokhu kudala ukuqhekeka kokushisa okuvela ngaphandle. Ezimweni ezibandayo, lokhu kusindisa izindleko ezinkulu zamandla. Izindleko zokushisa zehla cishe ngo-25% ngamaphaneli afanele. Isakhiwo sigcina ukushisa okukhiqizwa yizinyoni. Ehlobo, uphahla lubonakalisa imisebe yelanga. Amaphaneli amhlophe angaphandle anciphisa ukwanda kokushisa kwangaphakathi.
Izinhlelo zokukhanyisa zidinga indawo ehlelekile. Izibani ze-LED zinikeza amandla afanayo. Izibani ezifinyezwayo zisiza ukulawula amazinga okusebenza kwezinyoni. Uhlelo lokukhanya lwamahora angu-16 lusebenza kahle kakhulu. Lokhu kukhuthaza ukudla okuhambisanayo kanye namaphethini okukhula.
Ukusebenza Kahle Kwezindleko Zamapulazi Ezinkukhu Zensimbi
Izilinganiso zokuqala zensimbi zingase zibonakale ziphezulu. Kodwa-ke, izindleko zobunikazi ziphansi. Umjikelezo wokwakha omfushane unciphisa izindleko zomsebenzi zokwakha ngakolunye uhlangothi, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ufinyeza imbuyiselo yemali ebuyayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kuqhathaniswa nezakhiwo zekhonkrithi eziqinisiwe kanye nezokhuni, amapulazi ezinkukhu zensimbi angcono kakhulu ekunciphiseni ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nezindleko zokuvimbela izifo. Izinga lokusetshenziswa kabusha kwezingxenye zensimbi liphezulu futhi lingaphinde lisetshenziswe futhi lisetshenziswe. Ukudiliza nokuhambisa isakhiwo kungenzeka. Lokhu kuguquguquka kunezela ekukhangeni kwezomnotho.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba 12-2025