Amakamelo okubandayo ahambayo adlala indima ebalulekile embonini yanamuhla yochungechunge lwezindawo ezibandayo ekhula ngokushesha. Izinkampani zokudla, ezolimo, ezokudla kwasolwandle, ezemithi, kanye nezentengiselwano ze-e-commerce zonke zifuna amandla aguquguqukayo alawulwa amazinga okushisa. Ngokusho kwezibikezelo zenhlangano yebhizinisi kanye nabezindaba, indawo yokugcina izinto ezibandayo emhlabeni wonke ifinyelele ku-USD 8.92 billion ngo-2024 futhi ingafinyelela ku-USD 11.89 billion ngo-2030. Lezi zibalo zibonisa isidingo esikhulu samayunithi okupholile ahambayo nasatshalaliswayo. Amabhizinisi athembele kumagumbi okubandayo ahambayo lapho edinga ukuthunyelwa okusheshayo, indawo yokugcina yesikhashana, noma ukwanda kwamandla esizini.
Izimo zokusetshenziswa kwamakamelo abandayo ahambayo
Amakamelo okubanda ahambayo asekela izimo zokusetshenziswa ezahlukahlukene emikhakheni eminingi. Abacubunguli bokudla bawasebenzisa ngezikhathi zonyaka eziphezulu ukuze baphathe umkhiqizo owengeziwe. I-processor yenyama ephakathi nendawo ivame ukwandisa umkhiqizo ngo-30% kuya ku-40% ehlobo, okudala isidingo esikhulu sokugcina isikhashana. Amapulazi nabahlinzeki bezithelo bathumela amakamelo okubanda ahambayo eduze kwamasimu okuvuna. Izithelo nemifino epholiswayo ngaphambi kokupholisa inganciphisa ukulahlekelwa ngemva kokuvuna ngo-8% kuya ku-12%. Izisekelo zokudla kwasolwandle nazo zisebenzisa amayunithi ahambayo eduze kwamachweba ukuze zinciphise ukonakala futhi zifinyeze izintambo zokuthutha. Izinkampani ezintsha ze-e-commerce zisebenzisa amakamelo okubanda ahambayo njengezindawo zokugcina impahla eziguquguqukayo. I-30 m³igumbi elibandayo elihambayoivame ukusekela ukukhiqizwa kwansuku zonke kwama-oda amasha angaba ngu-500. Izinhlangano zezokwelapha zisebenzisa namakamelo okubandayo ahambayo ukugcina imijovo kanye namasampula ezinto eziphilayo ezindaweni zesikhashana. Amamodeli amaningi asekela izinga lokushisa elisukela ku--20 °C kuya ku-+5 °C, elifanelana nezidingo ezivamile zokugoma.
Ukusebenza kwamakamelo okubandayo ahambayo
Amakamelo okubanda ahambayo anikeza izici eziqinile zesakhiwo kanye nokushisa. Amayunithi amaningi asebenzisa amaphaneli esandwich e-polyurethane aqinile. Lawa maphaneli abonisa ukuhanjiswa kokushisa okuqinisekisiwe okungu-0.022 kuya ku-0.027 W/(m·K). Ubukhulu bephaneli buvame ukufika ku-100 mm, 120 mm, noma ngisho no-150 mm. Abanye abakhiqizi banikeza amaphaneli angu-200 mm okuqandisa umthwalo omningi. Lezi zici zinciphisa ukuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa kanye nemijikelezo yokupholisa ephansi. Amakamelo amaningi asebenza ngomthamo wesiqandisi ongu-10 kuya ku-20 kW. Lolu hlu luhlanganisa isitoreji esimaphakathi ekudleni, kwezolimo, noma ezindaweni zokusabalalisa. Ukudonsa izinga lokushisa kuvame ukuthatha imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwengama-90, kuye ngobukhulu begumbi kanye nokushisa okuzungezile. Lezi zinkomba zokusebenza ziqinisekisa ukupholisa okuzinzile ezimweni ezikude noma ezifunwa kakhulu.
Izinzuzo zegumbi elibandayo elihambayo
Uhlobo olujwayelekile noluhambayo lwala mayunithi ludala izinzuzo ezibalulekile. Amakamelo amaningi abandayo ahambayo alandela imiklamo yesitayela sesitsha esivumela ukuthuthwa okusheshayo nokufuduka. Abasebenzisi badinga kuphela indawo eyisicaba kanye nomthombo wamandla othembekile. Amayunithi amaningi aqala ukusebenza zingakapheli amahora ambalwa. Lesi sivinini sisiza abasebenzisi ukuthi baphendule ngokushesha ekukhuphukeni kwesidingo, ukwehla kokukhiqiza, noma imicimbi ephuthumayo. Amabhizinisi esizini anciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwemali yesikhathi eside ngokuqasha noma ukuphinda asebenzise amayunithi. Abahleli bemicimbi basebenzisa neselulaigumbi elibandayongesikhathi semikhosi noma izimakethe ezinkulu zangaphandle. Ukusetha okusheshayo kunciphisa isikhathi sokufakwa ngo-30% noma ngaphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa namakamelo okubandayo ajwayelekile. Izinhlangano ezilawula amanethiwekhi okusatshalaliswa nazo ziyawazisa amandla okukhulisa noma ukwehlisa umthamo zingakapheli izinsuku.
Ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kuchaza nenani legumbi elibandayo elihambayo. Izinhlelo eziningi zokupholisa zisebenzisa ama-compressor emvamisa eguquguqukayo ukuze zivumelane nezimo zomthwalo. Lokhu kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngo-15% kuya ku-25% uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlelo zesivinini esinqunyiwe. Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwansuku zonke kuvame ukuwela ngaphakathi kuka-2.5 kWh kuya ku-4.5 kWh ngemitha yesikwele, kuye ngokuthi i-insulation kanye nezimo ze-ambient. Amanye amayunithi ahlanganisa amamojula elanga angakhethwa. Lawa mamojula asekela amahora amathathu kuya kwayisithupha okusebenza ngaphandle kwegridi. Le nketho izuzisa amapulazi akude, iziteshi zesikhashana zasensimini, noma izifunda ezinezinsiza zikagesi ezingazinzile. Ukuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela nakho kwenza kube lula ukuphathwa kwamandla okungcono.
Ukuphepha nokuthembeka kunegalelo ekwamukelweni okuqinile kwegumbi lokubanda elihambayo. Amayunithi amaningi afaka ukuvikelwa kokucindezela okuphezulu, ukuvikelwa kokucindezela okuphansi, ama-alamu okushisa ngokweqile, kanye nezinzwa ezivuleka emnyango. Izinhlelo zokukhipha amanzi ezihlanganisiwe zivimbela ukubanda ngesikhathi sezulu esibandayo. Izinhlelo zesimanje zisekela ukuqapha okukude kanye nokuxilongwa kwamaphutha. Imininingwane evela kubahlinzeki bemishini yochungechunge lokubanda ikhombisa ukuthi ukuqapha okukude kunganciphisa isikhathi sokuphendula amaphutha ngaphezu kuka-40%. Umklamo oqinile wokuphepha usiza amakamelo okubanda ahambayo asekele izimpahla ezibucayi njengezinhlanzi zasolwandle, ubisi, imithi, kanye namasampula ezinto eziphilayo. Abasebenzisi abaningi bathembele nakumadivayisi okurekhoda izinga lokushisa ukuze bahlangabezane nezidingo zomthetho emikhakheni yokudla neyezokwelapha.
Izitayela zemakethe
Isitoreji esibandayo esihambayo sinikeza ukuguquguquka, ukuthunyelwa okusheshayo, kanye nembuyiselo enamandla ekutshalweni kwezimali. Zisekela ukupholisa ngaphambi kokupholisa, ukuthutha, ukucubungula, kanye nokusabalalisa okuhamba phambili. Izitayela zemakethe zibonisa amandla okukhula aqinile esikhathini esizayo. Imakethe yokugcina ebandayo yomhlaba wonke ifinyelele ku-USD 117.21 billion ngo-2024 futhi ingafinyelela ku-USD 505.13 billion ngo-2033, nge-CAGR engaphezu kuka-17%. Lokhu kwanda okusheshayo kubonisa isidingo esikhulu sezinhlelo zokupholisa eziqinile nezeselula. Ngakho-ke, ukuthengiswa kokuqashisa kanye nokugcina kwesitoreji esibandayo esihambayo kuzoba yindawo elandelayo yokukhula yemakethe yemishini yeketanga elibandayo.
I-Harbin Dong`an Building Sheets Co.,Ltd ingumkhiqizi ohamba phambili wamaphrojekthi okugcina izinto ezibandayo eShayina. Le nkampani inethimba labaklami abanolwazi, abangahlangabezana nezidingo zamakhasimende futhi bagweme izinkinga ezingaba khona. Le nkampani inemigqa yokukhiqiza ye-polyurethane foam ethuthukisiwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iphaneli yokugcina izinto ezibandayo inobukhulu obufanayo kanye nomphumela omuhle wokushisa. Ifektri inemishini yokukhiqiza ethuthukisiwe njengemishini yokusika nge-laser kanye nama-drill e-3D CNC. Inganciphisa amaphutha okucubungula futhi iqinisekise ukufakwa okunembile kwamaphaneli okugcina izinto ezibandayo, imishini yokuqandisa nezinye izesekeli. Ithimba lokuthengisa elinamandla nelichwepheshile lingakunikeza izixazululo zokuhweba ezenzelwe wena ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izimpahla ozithengayo zingafika lapho ziya khona ngesikhathi futhi ngokushelela.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba 11-2025