Igumbi elibandayo elibandayo ngokushesha linciphisa izinga lokushisa lomkhiqizo ngokushesha. Livikela ikhwalithi yokudla kanye nesakhiwo. Izimboni eziningi zilisebenzisela inyama, ukudla kwasolwandle, kanye nemifino. Igumbi lehlisa izinga lokushisa elingaphakathi ngokushesha. Izinhlelo eziningi ziqandisa imikhiqizo kusukela ku-+20°C kuya ku--18°C ngokushesha. Isikhathi sokubanda sivame ukuhlala ngaphansi kwamahora ama-4. Ukubanda okusheshayo kunciphisa ukukhula kwekristalu yeqhwa. Amakristalu amancane avikela isakhiwo samaseli. Le nqubo igcina ukunambitheka, umbala, kanye nokudla okunempilo. Izimboni eziningi zifaka amakamelo okuqandisa ngokushesha emigqeni yokucubungula. Igumbi lisekela ukuphuma okuphezulu kanye nekhwalithi ezinzile. Abakhiqizi bokudla bathembele kulolu hlelo lokuthumela ngaphandle kanye nokugcina isikhathi eside.
Ububanzi Bezinga Lokushisa Nokusebenza Kokuqandisa Kwegumbi Elibandayo Eliqandisa Ngokushesha
Izinga lokushisa lokupholisa legumbi elibandayo eliqandisa ngokushesha ngokuvamile lingu-15～-35℃, okufana nokwe-indawo yokugcina ebanda enokushisa okuphansiUmehluko omkhulu phakathi kwesitoreji esibandayo esiqandisa ngokushesha kanye nesitoreji esibandayo esisezingeni eliphansi yisivinini sokuqandisa. Uma kuqhathaniswa nesejwayelekileigumbi elibandayo, igumbi elibandayo eliqandisa ngokushesha linganciphisa ngokushesha izinga lokushisa eliyinhloko lezinto, lizivumele ukuthi zidlule ngokushesha endaweni enkulu yokukhiqizwa kwekristalu yeqhwa.
Uma kubanda, iningi lomswakama ngaphakathi kokudla libanda ku--1~-5℃. Ngakho-ke, i--1~-5℃ ibizwa nangokuthi indawo ephezulu yokukhiqiza i-ice crystal. Enkambisweni yokubanda ibe yiqhwa, umthamo wamanzi uzoba mkhulu, futhi isakhiwo sangaphakathi sokudla okuningi, ngisho nesimo seprotheyini, ngeke siphinde siguqulwe.
Uma izinga lokushisa eliyinhloko lokudla lihlala isikhathi eside endaweni yokwakheka kwekristalu yeqhwa ephezulu, amakristalu eqhwa amaningi azoba ngaphakathi, futhi ukudla kuzobhujiswa kakhulu. Ukudla kuzolahlekelwa ukunambitheka kwakho okuqinile, futhi ukunambitheka kwakho kokuqala kuzolahleka. Konke lokhu kubangelwa izindlela zokuqandisa ezingafanele. Igumbi lokubanda elibandayo elisheshayo lishintshe indlela yokupholisa eyayivame ukwehlisa kancane izinga lokushisa eliyinhloko lezinto, kusetshenziswa umoya obandayo omningi ngezindlela eziningi ukuze kudlule ngokushesha izinga lokushisa eliyinhloko lezinto endaweni enkulu yokukhiqizwa kwekristalu yeqhwa.
Ngale ndlela, kuzokhiqizwa amakristalu eqhwa amakhulu kuphela ngaphandle, kanti angaphakathi azogcinwa kahle. Ngakho-ke, ukudla okugcinwe ekamelweni elibandayo eliqandisa ngokushesha kungagcina isakhiwo sako sokuqala ngezinga eliphezulu, futhi ngokuvamile kube nokunambitheka okungcono nokunambitheka.
Izici Eziyinhloko Zesakhiwo Segumbi Elibandayo Eliqandisa Ngokushesha
Igumbi elibandayo elisheshayo lisebenzisa ukushisa okunzima. Ubukhulu bephaneli buvame ukufika ku-120 mm kuya ku-150 mm. Amaphaneli e-PU anikeza ukuhanjiswa kokushisa okuzungeze u-0.022 W/m·K. Amaphaneli e-PIR athuthukisa ukumelana nomlilo. Isakhiwo segumbi sihlanganisa phansi okuqinisiwe. Izitezi ziphatha imithwalo engu-2,000 kuya ku-5,000 kg/m². Izindawo ze-aluminium ezingashibiliki noma zensimbi engagqwali zisekela ukuphepha.
Iminyango isebenzisa ozimele abashisayo. Ama-heater eminyango asebenzisa cishe ama-watts angu-60 kuya kwangu-120. Lawa ma-heater avimbela ukwakheka kweqhwa. Izivalo eziqinile zinciphisa ukuvuza komoya. Usayizi wegumbi uyahlukahluka ngokwesilinganiso sokukhiqiza. Amakamelo amancane alinganiselwa ku-20 m². Amakamelo amakhulu ezimboni adlula u-300 m². Ukuphakama kophahla kuvame ukuba phakathi kwamamitha amathathu kuya kwangu-6. Isakhiwo esiqinile sinciphisa ukukhuphuka kokushisa ngaphezu kuka-25%. Lokhu kufakwa kokushisa kuvumela ukusebenza okuzinzile ngaphansi kokwehluka okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa.
Uhlelo Lokuqandisa kanye Nezingxenye Zegumbi Elibandayo Eliqandisa Ngokushesha
Uhlelo lokuqandisa luyinsika yokusebenza kokuqandisa okusheshayo, ikakhulukazi ekamelweni lokubanda eliqandisa ngokushesha. Ijika lokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa ekamelweni lokubanda eliqandisa ngokushesha alinciphi kancane. Esikhundleni salokho, lehla liye ku--40 ℃ ngokushesha, bese liphinde lilulame kancane kancane, bese ekugcineni lilawula izinga lokushisa ku--18 ℃. Ngakho-ke, igumbi lokubanda eliqandisa ngokushesha livame ukufaka imishini yokuqandisa enamandla aphezulu.
Iningi lezinhlelo zisebenzisa ama-screw compressor noma ama-semi-hermetic compressors. Ama-screw compressor afanelana namandla angaphezu kwama-50 kW. Amandla okupholisa ahlala ephezulu. Igumbi lokuqandisa ngokushesha elingama-50 m² livame ukudinga ama-40 kuya ku-60 kW. Igumbi elingama-200 m² lingadinga ama-150 kuya ku-250 kW.
Uhlelo luhlanganisa ama-evaporator, ama-condenser, ama-expansion valve, kanye nama-oyela separator. Ama-evaporator asebenzisa i-wide fin space. I-fin space ivame ukuba phakathi kuka-8 mm kuya ku-12 mm. Lo mklamo uvimbela ukuvaleka kweqhwa.
Iziqandisi zifaka phakathi i-R404A, i-R507A, kanye ne-ammonia. Izinhlelo ze-ammonia zisebenza kahle kakhulu. Izinhlelo ze-ammonia zinciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngo-15% kuya ku-20%. Amafeni angaphakathi kwama-evaporator aletha ukuhamba komoya okunamandla. Ijubane lomoya livame ukufika ku-3 kuya ku-6 m/s. Ukuhamba komoya okuphezulu kususa ukushisa komhlaba ngokushesha. Lolu hlelo luqinisekisa ukubanda okusheshayo nokulinganayo.
Umklamo Wokuhamba Komoya kanye Nekhwalithi Yokuqandisa Umkhiqizo
Ukuhamba komoya kuchaza ukusebenza kahle kokuqandisa. Amakamelo abandayo aqandisa ngokushesha asebenzisa i-convection ephoqelelwe. Amafeni asunduza umoya obandayo ngqo phezu kwemikhiqizo. Umthamo ojwayelekile wokugeleza komoya usukela ku-20,000 kuya ku-40,000 m³/h. Ijubane lomoya elizungeze imikhiqizo lihlala lifana. Ukuhamba komoya okufanayo kuvimbela ukubanda okungalingani.
Isikhala somkhiqizo naso sibalulekile. Amathileyi avame ukugcina izikhala ezingama-30 kuya ku-50 mm. Lesi sikhala sivumela ukugeleza komoya. Isikhala esihle sifinyeza isikhathi sokubanda ngo-20%. Uhlelo luqandisa imikhiqizo ngokulinganayo. Izinga lokushisa eliphakathi lifinyelela ku-18°C ngokushesha. Ukuqandisa okungalingani kubangela ukulimala kokuthungwa. Ukugeleza komoya okunamandla kuvimbela le ngozi. Ama-deflector omoya aqondisa indlela yokuhamba komoya. La ma-deflector anciphisa izindawo ezifile. Uhlelo lokugeleza komoya luqinisekisa ikhwalithi yokubanda eqinile yebhetshi ngayinye.
Izicelo Kuzo Zonke Izimboni Zokudla
Amakamelo okubanda okusheshayo aqandisayo akhonza izimboni eziningi. Abahlinzeki bokudla kwasolwandle baqandisa ama-shrimp, inhlanzi, kanye ne-squid. Izitshalo eziningi zicubungula amathani ama-2 kuya kwayi-10 ngosuku. Abahlinzeki bokudla inyama baqandisa inyama yenkomo, ingulube, kanye nenkukhu. Abahlinzeki bokudla kwemifino baqandisa uphizi, ummbila, namajikijolo. Izimboni zokudla okulungele ziqandisa izitsha ezilungisiwe. Ukulawulwa kwezingxenye kanye nesakhiwo sokugcina esiqandisayo ngokushesha.
Izikhungo ze-Cold chain logistics zisebenzisa amakamelo okuqandisa ngokushesha ngaphambi kokugcina. Lesi sinyathelo siqinisa imikhiqizo ngaphambi kokuthutha isikhathi eside. Ububanzi bokusetshenziswa bubonisa ukubaluleka kwezimboni zesistimu.
Izinhlelo Zokulawula Nokuzenzakalela
Amakamelo abandayo anamuhla asheshayo asebenzisa izinhlelo zokulawula ezihlakaniphile. Abalawuli be-PLC baphatha izinga lokushisa kanye nokuhamba komoya. Izinzwa ziqapha izinga lokushisa, ingcindezi, kanye nesivinini sefeni. Ukunemba kwezinga lokushisa kuhlala ngaphakathi kuka-±1°C. Izikrini zokuthinta zibonisa idatha yesikhathi sangempela. Abaqhubi balungisa izilungiselelo kalula. Ama-alamu asebenza ngaphakathi kwemizuzwana emi-5 ngesikhathi sokungasebenzi kahle.
Ukwenza ngokuzenzakalelayo kunciphisa izidingo zabasebenzi. Umsebenzisi oyedwa angaphatha amakamelo amaningi. Isitoreji sedatha sisekela ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi. Ukuqapha kude kuvumela ukugadwa ngaphandle kwendawo. Lezi zinhlelo zandisa ukuthembeka futhi zinciphise ubungozi bokusebenza.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba-19-2025