Izindawo zokugcina ukudla kwasolwandle zivikela izinhlanzi ezintsha, ama-shrimp, kanye ne-shellfish ekonakalisweni okusheshayo. Ukudla kwasolwandle kulahlekelwa ikhwalithi ngokushesha kunenyama ngoba amaprotheni alo ayawohloka ngaphansi kwamahora ayisithupha ku-10 °C. Ngakho-ke izitshalo eziningi zokudla kwasolwandle zisebenzisa ukulawula okuqinile kwezinga lokushisa phakathi kuka-−25 °C no-0 °C. Izindawo zokugcina ukudla kwasolwandle zinikeza umswakama ozinzile, ukupholisa okusheshayo, kanye nokuhamba komoya okuhlanzekile. Lezi zici zisiza ukugcina ukulahleka komkhiqizo kungaphansi kuka-3%.
Umehluko
Ukudla kwasolwandleamakamelo abandayoiphatha umswakama ophezulu kanye nephunga elinamandla kunezindawo zezithelo noma zenyama. Izinhlanzi ezintsha zikhipha cishe amanzi angu-6% ngesikhathi sokugcina kusenesikhathi. Igumbi elivamile elibandayo alikwazi ukuphatha lo mthwalo osheshayo womswakama. Igumbi elibandayo lokudla kwasolwandle lisebenzisa ukugeleza komoya okunamandla ukuze lihambe ngesivinini esingu-150 m³ ngomzuzu emagumbini aphakathi nendawo. Lokhu kugeleza komoya kugcina izindawo zomile futhi kunciphisa ukukhula kwamagciwane.
Ukudla kwasolwandle nakho kunezakhiwo zamaprotheni ezizwelayo. Lawa maprotheni alahlekelwa yikhwalithi lapho amazinga okushisa ehamba ngaphezu kuka-1 °C. Amakamelo avamile abandayo avame ukuvumela ukushintshashintsha okukhulu kokushisa okungu-3 °C. Igumbi elibandayo lokudla kwasolwandle lisebenzisa izinzwa ezincane ezilandelela izinguquko njalo ngemizuzwana eyi-10. Lolu hlelo lugcina izinga lokushisa elingaphakathi liphakathi kuka-−22 °C no-−20 °C ngesikhathi sokubanda.
Igumbi lokubanda lokudla kwasolwandle lisebenzisa nomklamo wokulawula iphunga. Inhlanzi ikhipha ama-amine aqinile lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka ngaphezu kuka-4 °C. Amakamelo abanda avamile ngezinye izikhathi asabalalisa la maphunga ezindaweni zokugcina eziseduze. Igumbi lokubanda lokudla kwasolwandle lisebenzisa iminyango evaliwe enamazinga okuvuza angaphansi kuka-0.2 m³ ngehora. Lo mklamo uvikela ezinye izigaba zokudla.
Ukudla kwasolwandle nakho kuqandisa ngokushesha kunenyama ebomvu. Inyama yenhlanzi iqandisa ngemizuzu engama-90 lapho izinga lokushisa lifinyelela ku-−35 °C. Amakamelo avamile abandayo awavamile ukusebenzisa ukupholisa okunamandla kangaka. Amakamelo okudla kwasolwandle avame ukusebenzisa izingxenye zokuqhuma ezicindezela umoya ngesivinini esingu-4 m/s emathileyi. Lo mklamo ugcina amakristalu eqhwa emancane futhi uvikela ukuthungwa.
Lo mehluko ubonisa ukuthi amakamelo okubanda kwasolwandle adinga ukulawulwa okuqinile kokushisa, ukugeleza komoya okusheshayo, kanye nokuphathwa kwephunga okungcono kunamagumbi okubanda ajwayelekile. Lezi zinhlelo zigcina ukudla kwasolwandle kusha futhi kulungele imakethe.
Izinzuzo
Igumbi lokubanda lokudla kwasolwandle linikeza ukulawula okuqinile kokusha. Uhlelo lwehlisa izinga lokushisa legumbi kusuka ku-20 °C kuya ku-−20 °C zingakapheli imizuzu engama-45. Isikhathi sokudonswa phansi okusheshayo sinciphisa ukukhula kwamagciwane cishe ngo-70%. Izinhlanzi ezintsha zivame ukuhlala ziqinile izinsuku eziyisikhombisa ngaphansi kwesitoreji esifanele. Ukupholisa kancane emakamelweni avamile kunganciphisa lesi sikhathi sibe yizinsuku ezine.
Igumbi liphinde linikeze amandla okusebenza kahle aphezulu. Amaphaneli afakwe i-insulation ane-0.45 W/m²·K anciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwamandla cishe ngo-30%. Abasebenzi abaningi bonga u-15% wezindleko zamandla inyanga ngayinye. Iyunithi yokuncibilikisa isebenzisa nokulawula imvamisa okunembile. Lokhu kulawula kwehlisa amandla e-compressor ngo-10% ngesikhathi samahora omthwalo ophansi.
Enye inzuzo ivela ekulawuleni umswakama okuthembekile. Ukudla kwasolwandle kudinga umswakama ophakathi kuka-85% kuya ku-95%. Umswakama ophansi womisa indawo futhi wehlise isisindo ngo-2%. Igumbi elibandayo lokudla kwasolwandle lengeza imishini yokulawula umswakama ukuze kugcinwe amazinga omswakama azinzile. Lo mklamo uvikela ukukhanya kwemvelo nombala wezinhlanzi.
Igumbi elibandayo liphinde lisekele amazinga aqinile okuhlanzeka. Amaphaneli odonga asebenzisa isembozo sezinga lokudla esinobulukhuni obungaphansi kwama-micron angu-0.5. Izindawo ezibushelelezi zivimba amagciwane ukuthi anganamatheli. Izisebenzi zingahlanza udonga ngalunye ngaphansi kwemizuzu eyi-10.
Igumbi lokubanda lokudla kwasolwandle liphinde lisekele ukwakheka kwesitoreji okuguquguqukayo. Ama-racks angathwala kufikela ku-600 kg ngezinga ngalinye. Ama-forklift ahamba kalula emakamelweni abanzi kunamamitha ayi-6. Izitshalo eziningi zasolwandle zisebenzisa izindawo ezijwayelekile ukusingatha ukuhlunga kwansuku zonke.
Amaphaneli Okugcina Izinto Ezibandayo
Amaphaneli akha isakhiwo segumbi lokubanda lokudla kwasolwandle. Amaphrojekthi amaningi asebenzisaAmaphaneli e-PU noma e-PIRenezinsika ze-foam eziqinile. Iphaneli ye-PU engu-100 mm inikeza ukuhanjiswa kokushisa okuseduze no-0.022 W/m·K. Leli nani lisiza ukugcina izinga lokushisa legumbi ngisho nalapho izinga lokushisa langaphandle lifinyelela ku-35 °C. Izimboni eziningi zasogwini zithembele kulokhu kusebenza.
Izindawo zensimbi zivame ukuba nobukhulu obungu-0.5 mm. Lobu bukhulu buvikela igumbi ekuqhekekeni ngesikhathi somsebenzi wansuku zonke. Imiphetho eqinile isekela izingidi zolimi kanye nomsele ngamandla okucindezela aseduze no-180 N. Lezi zingidi zinciphisa ukuvuza komoya cishe ngo-40%. Ukuvala kahle kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokupholisa.
Amakamelo okudla kwasolwandle nawo asebenzisa ungqimba oluvimbela ukugqwala. Usawoti okudla kwasolwandle ungalimaza insimbi evamile eminyakeni emibili. Insimbi ekhethekile eboshwe ihlala iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-12 ezindaweni ezinosawoti omningi. Izitshalo eziningi zihlanza izindawo ngamanzi e-chlorine angu-500 ppm ngemva kokushintshana ngakunye. Amaphaneli aboshwe amelana nalo mthwalo wamakhemikhali.
Ubukhulu bephaneli buxhomeke ekushiseni okuqondiwe. Iphaneli engu-120-150 mm ifanela indawo yokugcina izinto ephakathi kuka-−25 °C no-−15 °C. Iphaneli engu-200 mm ifanela izingxenye eziqandisiwe kuze kufike ku-−35 °C. Lokhu kulinganisa kusiza onjiniyela ukulinganisela izindleko nokusebenza kahle.
Ezinye izitshalo zasolwandle zengeza nama-kick plate e-aluminium phansi. Lawa ma-plate avikela izindonga ekushayweni yi-trolley. Izibambo ze-kick plate ezijwayelekile zinamandla afinyelela ku-300 N. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kugcina amakamelo ehlanzekile futhi ebushelelezi.
Amaphaneli ahlala eyingxenye enkulu yokutshalwa kwezimali ekamelweni elibandayo. Aphinde anqume izindleko zamandla zesikhathi eside. Ukushisa okuqinile kanye nezindawo ezihlanzekile kusekela impilo yenkonzo ende.
Uhlelo Lokuqandisa
Iyunithi yokufinyeza inika amandla igumbi lonke lokubandayo lokudla kwasolwandle. I-compressor iphatha izinguquko zomthwalo onamandla njalo ngehora. Amakamelo amaningi okudla kwasolwandle asebenzisa ama-compressor angenawo umoya amaningi anomthamo ocishe ube ngu-12 kW kuya ku-50 kW. Le mishini idonsa amazinga okushisa kusukela ku-10 °C kuya ku-−25 °C ngaphandle kokucindezeleka. Iyunithi eklanywe kahle isebenza amahora angu-18 ngosuku.
I-condenser ipholisa i-refrigerant kusukela ekucindezelekeni okuphezulu kuya ekucindezelekeni okuphansi. Izitshalo eziningi zasolwandle zisebenzisa ama-condenser apholile emoyeni anomoya ohamba cishe nge-5,000 m³ ngehora. Amanye amafektri aseduze nolwandle asebenzisa izinhlelo ezipholile ngamanzi ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngo-10%. Zombili lezi zakhiwo zidinga umoya opholile ozinzile.
I-evaporator ivuthela umoya obandayo egumbini. I-evaporator yegumbi lokudla kwasolwandle ivame ukuletha umoya ku-−28 °C. Ifeni ingafinyelela ku-800 kuya ku-3,000 m³ ngehora kuye ngobukhulu begumbi. Ukuhamba komoya okuphezulu kuvikela ukuthungwa kokudla kwasolwandle ngokupholisa indawo ngokushesha. Ngisho nokupholisa kugcina ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa kungaphansi kuka-1 °C.
Le yunithi ihlanganisa nezilawuli ze-elekthronikhi. Iphaneli yokulawula ilandelela izinga lokushisa, umswakama, umthwalo we-compressor, kanye nemijikelezo yokuncibilikisa. Incibilikisa isebenza njalo emahoreni ayi-6 kuya kwayi-8 emakamelweni anomswakama ophezulu. Umjikelezo ngamunye uncibilikisa iqhwa kungakapheli imizuzu eyi-10. Incibilikisa ngokushesha ivikela ukuhamba komoya kanye nesivinini sokupholisa.
Iyunithi enhle yokunciphisa umswakama ithuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo kanye nokonga amandla. Izimboni eziningi zinciphisa izindleko zamandla ngo-12% uma zisebenzisa ama-frequency converters. Lawa ma-converter anciphisa i-compressor ngesikhathi samahora omthwalo olula. Ukusebenza okuzinzile kunciphisa nokugcinwa.
Lolu hlelo lusebenza njengenhliziyo yegumbi elibandayo. Ukuthembeka kwalo kuthinta kakhulu ukusha kwasolwandle.
Igumbi lokubanda lokudla kwasolwandle linikeza isivikelo esiqinile sezinhlanzi, ama-shrimp, kanye nama-shellfish. Ukulawula izinga lokushisa okuqinile kanye nokugeleza komoya okuqinile kugcina ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo ingcono kunezindawo zokubanda ezivamile. Izinkampani eziningi zokudla kwasolwandle zisebenzisa la makamelo ukusekela izidingo zemakethe eziqinile.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba-08-2025