Ngezinzuzo ezifaka phakathi amandla aphezulu, ukuqina okuhle kakhulu, kanye nokwakhiwa kwezimboni,izakhiwo zesakhiwo sensimbimanje zisekela izinhlelo zokusebenza ezigcwele kuzo zonke izinkambu zezimboni, ezokuthutha, zamandla, zikamasipala, kanye nezindawo zokuhlala. Lezi zakhiwo zinikeza ukudluliselwa komthwalo okuphumelelayo, ukwakheka okuguquguqukayo, kanye nokulethwa kwephrojekthi okusheshayo, okwenza insimbi ibe yinto ebalulekile kubunjiniyela besimanje kanye nentuthuko esimeme.
Izakhiwo Zensimbi Ekwakhiweni Kwezimboni
Izakhiwo Eziyinhloko Zesitshalo Sikagesi kanye Nezindlu Zebhoyila
Isakhiwo esiyinhloko sesitshalo sikagesi kumele sithwale imishini esindayo njengemishini yomusi kanye namajeneretha, ngayinye inesisindo esingaphezu kwamathani angu-300. Abaklami basebenzisa izinhlelo zokusekela uhlaka lwensimbi ezinamagridi amakholomu afinyelela ku-12 m × 12 m, okuvumela ukuhlelwa kwemishini okuguquguqukayo nokusebenza kahle.
Izindlu zamabhoyila zisebenza ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa aphezulu, kanti amazinga okushisa esitovini adlula u-1200°C. Izingxenye zensimbi zidinga izembozo ezijiyile ezingashisi ukuze kufinyelelwe izinga lokumelana nomlilo elingafika emahoreni amathathu. Uma zihlanganiswa nezendlalelo zokushisa ezifana namaphaneli esandwich e-rock wool, amazinga okushisa ebusweni angahlala ngaphansi kuka-150°C.
Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nemithethonqubo yokuphepha komlilo yamazwe ngamazwe, izingxenye ezenziwe ngensimbi ye-Q345B zithola ukumelana nomlilo isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora amabili futhi zigcina amandla azo angaphezu kuka-95% ku-150°C.
Ngesikhathi sokuklama isakhiwo esikhulu sesitshalo samandla, onjiniyela bavame ukusebenzisa i-truss yensimbi ehlanganiswe nama-slab aphansi ahlanganisiwe. Lolu hlelo luvumela ama-bunker amalahle anezinsika ezifika kumamitha angu-70. Ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi kuhlala cishe ku-120 kg ngemitha yesikwele, okunciphisa isisindo sesakhiwo cishe ngo-40% uma kuqhathaniswa nokhonkolo futhi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokuzamazama komhlaba.
Izigayo Zensimbi Nezitshalo Zezitimela
Izindawo zokusebenzela zokugaya ezitshalweni zensimbi kumele zikwazi ukumelana nemithwalo ye-crane efinyelela kumathani angu-200. Abaklami bavame ukukhetha amakholomu ebhokisi ahlanganiswe nemishayo yensimbi enomumo we-H ehlanganisiwe, kuyilapho izimbambo eziqinile ezindaweni ezihlangene zithuthukisa ukumelana nokusika.
Ama-workshop okuhlanganisa ama-locomotive avame ukudinga ububanzi obucacile obungaphezu kwamamitha angu-30 ukuze kufakwe izinhlelo ze-crane ezilengisiwe. Uphahla lwegridi yesikhala sensimbi olunobukhulu obungamamitha angu-3 lungakha kalula ingaphakathi elingenazinsika.
Izingxenye zensimbi kulezi zinhlelo zivame ukuthola i-hot-dip galvanizing enobukhulu bokumboza obungaphezu kwama-85 μm. Lokhu kwelashwa kuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuvikela ukugqwala ezindaweni ezine-asidi lapho ukuhlushwa kwe-SO₂ kuhlala ngaphansi kwama-50 mg/m³ futhi kusekela impilo yenkonzo engaphezu kweminyaka engama-50.
Izakhiwo Zensimbi Zobunjiniyela Bezokuthutha
Amaphrojekthi ebhuloho lama-beam anezikhawu ezingaphansi kwamamitha angu-50 asebenzisa kakhulu ama-girders ebhokisi lensimbi elinomfanekiso we-H. Amafektri akha la ma-girders ngezigaba, awathuthe aye endaweni, futhi awaxhumanise nge-bolting kanye ne-welding. Le ndlela ifinyeza isikhathi sokwakha cishe ngo-60% uma kuqhathaniswa namabhuloho ekhonkrithi.
Amabhuloho okubopha aqhubekayo anama-span asukela ku-50 m kuya ku-150 m avame ukusebenzisa ama-girders ebhokisi lensimbi anezigaba eziguquguqukayo. Ngesikhathi sokumiswa, onjiniyela basebenzisa indlela yokwakha i-cantilever, evumela ukwakhiwa ngaphandle kwezisekelo zesikhashana.
Amaphrojekthi ebhuloho le-truss athembele ezingxenyeni ezijwayelekile ze-modular ezinomthamo womthwalo we-truss eyodwa ongamathani angu-45. Abasebenzi bahlanganisa la mabhuloho ngokushesha, okwenza afaneleke ekwakhiweni kwebhuloho okuphuthumayo.
Izindawo ezizwela ukukhathala njengezihlanganisi ezihlanganisiwe zidinga amazinga ensimbi aqinile njenge-Q370qE. Abaklami bavame ukukhawulela ubukhulu bokucindezeleka kulezi zindawo bube ngaphansi kwe-100 MPa ukuqinisekisa ukuqina kwesikhathi eside.
Izakhiwo Zesakhiwo Sensimbi kubunjiniyela Bamandla
Izinhlelo Zokusekela Amandla Omoya kanye ne-Photovoltaic
Imibhoshongo ye-wind turbine ivame ukufinyelela ukuphakama okuphakathi kwamamitha angu-80 no-140. Le mibhoshongo isebenzisa amapayipi ensimbi enziwe ngensimbi ye-Q345D, enobukhulu bodonga obusukela ku-16 mm kuya ku-40 mm, exhunywe ngama-spiral welds. I-flange eyisisekelo yombhoshongo ingathwala imithwalo engaphezu kuka-5000 kN.
Izinhlelo zokusekela ze-photovoltaic eziguquguqukayo ezinama-span asukela ku-100 m kuya ku-300 m zisebenzisa inhlanganisela yezintambo zensimbi nezakhiwo ze-truss. Ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi kuhlala cishe ku-8 amathani nge-megawatt ngayinye, okusindisa cishe u-30% wendawo uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlelo zekhonkrithi futhi kufaneleka kahle indawo enezintaba.
Amapulatifomu Eselula Ase-Offshore
Amapulatifomu okubhoboza ahambayo ogwini lolwandle avame ukusebenzisa izakhiwo zohlaka lwensimbi olufana nejakhethi. Ama-node asebenzisa izikwele ezingenalutho zensimbi ezibunjiwe ezinobubanzi obungaba ngu-1.2 m. Insimbi kumele ihlangabezane nezindinganiso zokumelana nokugqwala ze-NACE MR0175 ukuze isebenze ngokuthembekile ezindaweni zokufutha usawoti.
Izakhiwo Zensimbi Ekwakhiweni Kwezindlu Nezesikhashana
Izakhiwo Zezindlu Zensimbi Nezindlu Ezilungisiwe
Izakhiwo zokuhlala eziphansi ezinesitezi esisodwa kuya kwezintathu zivame ukusebenzisa izinhlelo zensimbi ezithambile ezakhiwe ngendlela ebandayo ezinobukhulu bodonga obuphakathi kuka-1.5 mm no-3 mm. Isisindo sodonga sihlala cishe singu-0.3 kN ngemitha yesikwele, kuyilapho ukumelana nokuzamazama komhlaba kufinyelela ezingeni lokuqina elingu-8.
Amaphrojekthi okuhlala aphezulu anezitezi ezingaphezu kweshumi ngokuvamile asebenzisa isakhiwo seshubhu esinohlaka lwensimbi-umongo. Lolu hlelo lunciphisa izingxenye zekholomu cishe ngo-30% futhi lwandisa indawo yephansi esebenzisekayo cishe ngo-8% uma kuqhathaniswa nezakhiwo zekhonkrithi.
Izindlu Zesikhashana Nezakhiwo Ezingagudluzwa
Izindlu zamakhonteyina ezisekelwe kumamojula angu-3 m × 6 m zisebenzisa inhlanganisela yozimele bensimbi namaphaneli ensimbi anombala. Iyunithi ngayinye inesisindo esingaba amathani angu-2.5 futhi ivumela ukuhlanganiswa okusheshayo. Ngesikhathi se-COVID-19, izibhedlela eziningi zesikhashana zamukela le modeli yokwakha.
Amahholo emibukiso avame ukusebenzisa izinhlelo zensimbi ezidilikayo ezinamajoyinti e-bolt-sphere. Lezi zakhiwo zinikeza ukusebenza kahle kwezomnotho okuphezulu futhi zifinyelela amazinga okusebenzisa kabusha afinyelela ku-90%, okwenza zibe zilungele ukuthunyelwa ngokuphindaphindiwe emibuthanweni eminingi.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Feb-26-2026